Las características son las siguientes…
Dos servidores con Centos 7
[oracle@correo tmp]$ more /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core) [oracle@correo tmp]$
Motor Oracle 11g
[oracle@correo tmp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sat May 8 11:55:02 2021 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL>
No necesariamente debe ser enterprise, esto funciona de la misma forma en standard edition. La instancia tiene ORACLE_SID=glpi2
Arranquemos….
En el servidor fuente se realiza lo siguiente: Copiar el archivo orapwd de la instancia oracle al servidor nuevo…
[oracle@glpi2 ~]$ scp /ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwglpi2 oracle@192.168.10.33:/ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/ oracle@192.168.10.33's password: orapwglpi2 100% 1536 1.4MB/s 00:00 [oracle@glpi2 ~]$
Conectar al sqlplus del servidor fuente y crear el archivo spfile
SQL> create pfile from spfile; File created. SQL>
Lo enviamos al servidor nuevo
[oracle@glpi2 ~]$ scp /ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initglpi2.ora oracle@192.168.10.33:/ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/ oracle@192.168.10.33's password: initglpi2.ora 100% 976 1.0MB/s 00:00 [oracle@glpi2 ~]$
Después de esto, nos vamos al servidor nuevo y ejecutamos lo siguiente:
- Configuro la variable de ambiente ORACLE_SID para que tenga el mismo id que la instancia original
[oracle@correo tmp]$ export ORACLE_SID=glpi2
Luego ingreso via sqlplus
[oracle@correo tmp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sat May 8 10:33:48 2021 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL>
El siguiente paso es arrancar la instancia a partir del archivo spfile que se copió en el paso previo. Ojo, aquí nos va a generar error por que no hemos creado la estructura de directorios correspondiente a esta instancia, las rutas para crearlas las encontramos en el archivo spfile que transferimos
SQL> startup nomount pfile='/ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initglpi2.ora'; ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 9925 SQL> quit Disconnected [oracle@correo tmp]$
Como se puede ver, genera un error, esto es por lo que mencioné anteriormente, no se ha creado la estructura de directorios a nivel de sistema operativo. Vamos a crear la estructura por lo menos para que se puedan generar los archivo de audit y asi la instancia pueda iniciar, aquí vemos que las rutas no se han creado…
[oracle@correo tmp]$ ls -ltr $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/adump ls: cannot access /ora01/app/oracle/admin/glpi2/adump: No such file or directory [oracle@correo tmp]$
Procedemos a crear las rutas correspondientes….
[oracle@correo tmp]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/adump [oracle@correo tmp]$ mkdir -p /ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/ [oracle@correo tmp]$ mkdir -p /ora01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/glpi2/
Ok, ahora ingreso por sqlplus para verificar que ya puedo acceder y así empezar de nuevo, bajo la instancia por si las moscas, uno nunca sabe que pueda ocurrir…
[oracle@correo tmp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sat May 8 10:46:44 2021 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> shutdown immediate ORA-01507: database not mounted ORACLE instance shut down. SQL>
Listo , bajada la instancia, como pueden ver, se pudo acceder debido a que la instancia ya tiene donde depositar los archivos audit
De esto es lo que les hablo,
[oracle@correo tmp]$ ls -ltr $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/adump total 32 -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1005 May 8 10:47 glpi2_ora_11380_20210508104644337199143795.aud -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 795 May 8 10:48 glpi2_ora_11454_20210508104801552627143795.aud -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 802 May 8 10:48 glpi2_ora_11454_20210508104808130072143795.aud -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1005 May 8 10:48 glpi2_ora_11497_20210508104808146713143795.aud -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 795 May 8 10:48 glpi2_ora_11524_20210508104834991635143795.aud -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 802 May 8 10:48 glpi2_ora_11524_20210508104850236974143795.aud -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 808 May 8 10:48 glpi2_ora_11582_20210508104850253462143795.aud -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 808 May 8 10:58 glpi2_ora_12137_20210508105833304735143795.aud [oracle@correo tmp]$
Retomando entonces el tema, empezamos de nuevo
[oracle@correo tmp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sat May 8 10:48:01 2021 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup nomount pfile='/ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initglpi2.ora'; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1870647296 bytes Fixed Size 2254304 bytes Variable Size 503319072 bytes Database Buffers 1358954496 bytes Redo Buffers 6119424 bytes SQL>
Luego creo el archivo pfile
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/ora01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initglpi2.ora'; File created. SQL>
Arranco la instancia nuevamente para que asuma el pfile creado
SQL> startup force nomount; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1870647296 bytes Fixed Size 2254304 bytes Variable Size 503319072 bytes Database Buffers 1358954496 bytes Redo Buffers 6119424 bytes SQL>
Volvemos al servidor origen y realizamos un backup del control file
[oracle@glpi2 ~]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat May 8 11:07:46 2021 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: GLPI2 (DBID=1876010378) RMAN> backup as copy current controlfile format '/ora01/NuevoBackGlpi'; Starting backup at 08-MAY-21 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=21 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy copying current control file output file name=/ora01/NuevoBackGlpi tag=TAG20210508T110858 RECID=2 STAMP=1072004940 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 Finished backup at 08-MAY-21 Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 08-MAY-21 piece handle=/ora01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/GLPI2/autobackup/2021_05_08/o1_mf_s_1072004942_j9ffx0wj_.bkp comment=NONE Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 08-MAY-21 RMAN>
Salimos de rman y verificamos la creacion del archivo
[oracle@glpi2 ~]$ ls -ltr /ora01/NuevoBackGlpi -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9748480 May 8 11:09 /ora01/NuevoBackGlpi [oracle@glpi2 ~]$
Lo mandamos al servidor nuevo
[oracle@glpi2 rman]$ scp /ora01/NuevoBackGlpi oracle@192.168.10.33:/ora01 NuevoBackGlpi 100% 9520KB 106.5MB/s 00:00 [oracle@glpi2 rman]$
Listo, ahora restauramos el control file en la nueva instancia
[oracle@correo tmp]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat May 8 11:12:41 2021 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: GLPI2 (not mounted) RMAN> restore controlfile from '/ora01/NuevoBackGlpi'; Starting restore at 08-MAY-21 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=134 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: copied control file copy output file name=/ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/control01.ctl output file name=/ora01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/glpi2/control02.ctl Finished restore at 08-MAY-21 RMAN>
Listo, sin problemas hasta aquí
Procedemos a montar la instancia con el siguiente comando….
RMAN> alter database mount; database mounted released channel: ORA_DISK_1 RMAN>
Sin errores por el momento….
Nos vamos al servidor origen y realizamos el backup
[oracle@glpi2 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat May 8 11:18:48 2021
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: GLPI2 (DBID=1876010378)
RMAN> sql "alter system switch logfile";
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
sql statement: alter system switch logfile
RMAN> sql "alter system checkpoint";
sql statement: alter system checkpoint
RMAN> sql "alter system archive log current";
sql statement: alter system archive log current
RMAN>run{
2> allocate channel c1 device type disk format '/ora01/bac/%d_%T_%s_%p';
3> backup database plus archivelog;
4> }
allocated channel: c1
channel c1: SID=140 device type=DISK
Starting backup at 08-MAY-21
current log archived
channel c1: starting archived log backup set
channel c1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=18 RECID=12 STAMP=1072005537
input archived log thread=1 sequence=19 RECID=13 STAMP=1072005551
input archived log thread=1 sequence=20 RECID=14 STAMP=1072005714
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 08-MAY-21
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 08-MAY-21
piece handle=/ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_21_1 tag=TAG20210508T112155 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 08-MAY-21
Starting backup at 08-MAY-21
channel c1: starting full datafile backup set
channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00006 name=/ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/rh_datos.dbf
input datafile file number=00001 name=/ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/users01.dbf
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 08-MAY-21
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 08-MAY-21
piece handle=/ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_22_1 tag=TAG20210508T112156 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 08-MAY-21
Starting backup at 08-MAY-21
current log archived
channel c1: starting archived log backup set
channel c1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=21 RECID=15 STAMP=1072005733
channel c1: starting piece 1 at 08-MAY-21
channel c1: finished piece 1 at 08-MAY-21
piece handle=/ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_23_1 tag=TAG20210508T112213 comment=NONE
channel c1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 08-MAY-21
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 08-MAY-21
piece handle=/ora01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/GLPI2/autobackup/2021_05_08/o1_mf_s_1072005735_j9fgosov_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 08-MAY-21
released channel: c1
RMAN>
Listo, tenemos nuestro backup, ahora lo que hacemos es copiarlo al servidor nuevo
[oracle@glpi2 ora01]$ scp -Cpr bac/ oracle@192.168.10.33:/ora01 GLPI2_20210508_21_1 100% 15MB 15.0MB/s 00:01 GLPI2_20210508_22_1 100% 1154MB 28.0MB/s 00:41 GLPI2_20210508_23_1 100% 8192 6.6MB/s 00:00 [oracle@glpi2 ora01]$
Una vez transferidos, volvemos al rman y empezamos la restauración, debemos indicar el directorio donde queda el backup del cual se va a restaurar
RMAN> catalog start with '/ora01/bac/'; Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 08-MAY-21 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=134 device type=DISK Crosschecked 8 objects Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 08-MAY-21 Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 08-MAY-21 using channel ORA_DISK_1 Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 08-MAY-21 searching for all files in the recovery area cataloging files... no files cataloged searching for all files that match the pattern /ora01/bac/ List of Files Unknown to the Database ===================================== File Name: /ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_21_1 File Name: /ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_22_1 File Name: /ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_23_1 Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes <------------------- Respondemos que si a la pregunta.... cataloging files... cataloging done List of Cataloged Files ======================= File Name: /ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_21_1 File Name: /ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_22_1 File Name: /ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_23_1 RMAN>
Finaliza el catalogado como se pudo ver anteriomente , sin problemas… Ahora hagamos el restore…
RMAN> restore database; Starting restore at 08-MAY-21 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/system01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/sysaux01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/undotbs01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/example01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /ora01/app/oracle/oradata/glpi2/rh_datos.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_22_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_22_1 tag=TAG20210508T112156 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:55 Finished restore at 08-MAY-21 RMAN>
Sin problemas….. Sigamos con el recover….
RMAN> recover database; Starting recover at 08-MAY-21 using channel ORA_DISK_1 starting media recovery channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log archived log thread=1 sequence=18 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log archived log thread=1 sequence=19 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log archived log thread=1 sequence=20 channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_21_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_21_1 tag=TAG20210508T112155 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03 archived log file name=/ora01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/GLPI2/archivelog/2021_05_08/o1_mf_1_18_j9fhn7yh_.arc thread=1 sequence=18 channel default: deleting archived log(s) archived log file name=/ora01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/GLPI2/archivelog/2021_05_08/o1_mf_1_18_j9fhn7yh_.arc RECID=14 STAMP=1072006713 archived log file name=/ora01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/GLPI2/archivelog/2021_05_08/o1_mf_1_19_j9fhn8jy_.arc thread=1 sequence=19 channel default: deleting archived log(s) archived log file name=/ora01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/GLPI2/archivelog/2021_05_08/o1_mf_1_19_j9fhn8jy_.arc RECID=13 STAMP=1072006712 archived log file name=/ora01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/GLPI2/archivelog/2021_05_08/o1_mf_1_20_j9fhn888_.arc thread=1 sequence=20 channel default: deleting archived log(s) archived log file name=/ora01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/GLPI2/archivelog/2021_05_08/o1_mf_1_20_j9fhn888_.arc RECID=12 STAMP=1072006712 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log archived log thread=1 sequence=21 channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_23_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/ora01/bac/GLPI2_20210508_23_1 tag=TAG20210508T112213 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 archived log file name=/ora01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/GLPI2/archivelog/2021_05_08/o1_mf_1_21_j9fhngg6_.arc thread=1 sequence=21 channel default: deleting archived log(s) archived log file name=/ora01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/GLPI2/archivelog/2021_05_08/o1_mf_1_21_j9fhngg6_.arc RECID=15 STAMP=1072006718 unable to find archived log archived log thread=1 sequence=22 RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 05/08/2021 11:38:42 RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 22 and starting SCN of 1078330 RMAN>
En este momento sale este mensaje de error, lo solucionamos indicando al rman que recuperamos con la secuencia e hilo indicado por el.
RMAN> run{
2> set until sequence 22 thread 1;
3> recover database;
4> }
executing command: SET until clause
Starting recover at 08-MAY-21
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 08-MAY-21
RMAN>
Termina el proceso de recover…
Ejecutamos la ultima sentencia……
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs; database opened RMAN>
Y listo el pollo…..
Aclaro, esta información la he seguido de un artículo en Inglés, he aquí su fuente https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/restoring-oracle-database-new-server-sajjad-razmi/
Meritos al autor, lo que hice fue ejecutarlo en oracle y comprobar que el sistema había restaurado a satisfacción…